{"id":11722,"date":"2023-01-31T17:17:29","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T17:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/teamkinetic.co.uk\/blog\/?p=11722"},"modified":"2023-02-03T16:16:31","modified_gmt":"2023-02-03T16:16:31","slug":"major-service-loss-january-30th-2023-response-andecommendations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teamkinetic.co.uk\/blog\/2023\/01\/major-service-loss-january-30th-2023-response-andecommendations\/","title":{"rendered":"Major Service Loss January 30th 2023: Response and Recommendations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What Happened?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Web servers and other public servers are always under attack. Our systems deflect and mitigate thousands of unauthorised attempts to gain access every day, both direct login attempts and denial of service attacks where volumes of junk traffic are thrown at servers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is impossible to both have an accessible service and an inaccessible service and we are always trying to tread that line and this time we failed to get it right.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We experienced intermittent connection issues across the weekend but some access was still available.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All connection and service was lost during the early hours of Monday morning when the full attack was started.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An attempted \u2018<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsc.gov.uk\/ransomware\/home#:~:text=What%20is%20ransomware%3F-,Ransomware%20is%20a%20type%20of%20malware%20which%20prevents%20you%20from,ransom%20in%20exchange%20for%20decryption.\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ransomware attack<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019 on the main server encrypted some files before it was stopped by our anti-malware processes. This was an automated scripted bot attack. There was no unauthorised access to customer data or backup data which is separately encrypted and stored. There was no evidence of any data exfiltration (access to data stores, virtual servers, external storage, no increase in bandwidth consumption, and no FTP\/SFTP access).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>To be clear, no data was viewed, accessed, or removed during this attack.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As we had complete backups from shortly before the attack started it was deemed that the most secure response would be to wipe the main server and so negate any potential additional issues with lingering malware or potential trojans\/backdoor attacks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As per our standard operating procedures in such an event, the servers hard drives and RAID arrays were wiped and reinitialised and the process of reinstalling the base operating system started.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the initial steps of installation were successful we experienced additional issues when the new operating system would not load. The server was troubleshooted for potential issues\/changes that were preventing the new operating system from loading.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Working with our hosting providers, we established that the attack had also led to a hardware fault with the RAID controller. This additional issue meant our existing server hardware was no longer viable and a new server provision was initiated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The new server was brought online and the server operating system was installed. This initially failed due to the unavailability of Microsoft&#8217;s license approval servers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By Monday evening at 19:30, the new server was responsive and the restoration process could begin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our established processes did kick in but we lost approximately 12 hours of user data when rolling back.\u00a0 However, this episode has provided a valuable learning experience and we have started a more in depth review of our response, looking at our successes and failures and how this might any future response.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have been proud of our performance to date when it comes to cyber security, with this being our first ever full day outage in our twelve year history, but, as always, there are lessons we can learn and things we can do better.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Below is the details timeline of events, actions taken, and lessons learned.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Timeline<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">07:00 Initial investigations of the affected server begin<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">08:00 Attack was identified and its severity assessed<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">08:30 Total loss of our main server was suspected<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">09:00 Decision was made to wipe main server and restore to earlier backups.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10:30 The affected server was wiped and the new raid array of hard drives initialised<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10:50 Raid completed and new OS installation was started<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">11:50 New OS installation fails to start correctly<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">12:00 Second attempt to install new OS<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">12:40 Second attempt also fails<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">13:00 Troubleshooting starts on the hardware to try to get Windows to boot<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">14:30 New server is provisioned<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15:40 New server built and brought online<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">15:40 New OS installation started on new hardware<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">16:15 New OS installation unsuccessful due to licesne server unavailability from Microsoft<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">18:00 New OS configuration complete<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">18:30 Required software and utility installation<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">19:30 Begin to restore backups<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20:20 Backups restored<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">20:45 Applications start to be restored and access gained<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">22:30 All services responding normally<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Review of the Disaster Recovery Procedure<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our full recovery plans can be viewed on our website;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/teamkinetic.co.uk\/policies\/Contingency%20and%20Continuity%20Planning%20Policy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/teamkinetic.co.uk\/policies\/Contingency%20and%20Continuity%20Planning%20Policy<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/teamkinetic.co.uk\/policies\/Data%20Asset%20Protection%20and%20Resilience\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/teamkinetic.co.uk\/policies\/Data%20Asset%20Protection%20and%20Resilience<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In summary, we failed to meet our recovery time objective (RTO) of 2 hours because of the continued knock-on effects of hardware issues. The actual recovery process from downloading, extracting and installing the most recent backups was close to 2 hours once the hardware and operating system platform was stable.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Incidence Reporting, Communication, and Support<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once the outage was affecting our customers we started to send out regular updates to keep customers informed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These were sent via email as all internal messaging systems were affected. We also posted on our Facebook page and volunteer manager groups with the current status.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We had multiple members of staff available all day on the phone to take calls and requests for support and believe we did a satisfactory job of keeping people up to date.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This was a major and long-lasting outage and all our affected customers are entitled to a month&#8217;s service credit that is redeemable at the next invoicing period. We know this doesn&#8217;t make up for lost time and the frustration of not having access to your applications.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What Did We Learn?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our notification system for monitoring server health failed and was not able to cope with the specific complexity of this attack. We had a situation where our network accessible servers and systems were alive but not working correctly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our response times during the weekend exacerbated the monitoring issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our hypervisor server is our most critical single point of failure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It takes longer to download and extract backups now than it did as they are considerably larger and so our RTO needs to be updated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our transactional database backups (which fill in the gaps between full backups) need to be available from off-site backups to further limit the data loss in total failure events like this.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our hardware provider was too slow to respond and made mistakes in provisioning that were made worse by lower staff numbers over the weekend, changes in shifts, and lack of communication between those shifts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Almost 70% of the time to restoration of services was spent waiting for our hardware providers to execute their responsibilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our customers are incredibly understanding and supportive, thank you!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mitigations and Improvements<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Add in more sensitive monitoring and also include positive monitoring that tells us that things are OK not just negative monitoring.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mandate two factor authentication for UAC as well as login.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Switch to a new hardware provider with better response times and procedures for dealing with issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recalculate our RTO bearing in mind the increase in size of our systems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Move transactional data logs to temp off-site storage at regular intervals within a 24 hour period. Retain these logs transactions for 48 hours.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provision a duplicate server for quicker server reinstatment. If we get a total failure\/loss of the mainserver we can rollback to the most recent backup within the RTO period.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Look at a double daily complete backup of virtual servers. Would need to test the impact of backups on serve performance during regular accessing hours (right now the backup is performed at our quietest time). This would half our potential data loss in the case of complete failure.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Follow up<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An attack of this type can cause anxiety for our users, and it is important to us here at TeamKinetic, that you feel confident in our response to this incident and trust that we have taken away the important lessons from this experience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you would like to speak to a member of the team, we would be only too happy to spend some time answering your questions. Feel free to use <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/savvycal.com\/Chris-Martin-fd7fab21\/d1cfc2d6\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">this link<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to arrange a call with the team.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can also subscribe to service status updates <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/teamkinetic.statuspage.io\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[292,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-securitygdpr","category-technical-updates"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.10 - 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4 Hours Our sincere apologies for the length of the outage reported today, we always strive to give our customers the best possible service and we failed today to identify and resolve the issue quickly enough. What Happened? 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